A restaurant opened in Kigali with just an RDB registration. No food handling permit. No fire safety certificate. No environmental compliance clearance. RDB registration is step one — not the only step. Here’s what else you might need.
Universal requirements
Every formal business in Rwanda needs:
- RDB registration certificate — your legal identity
- TIN (Tax Identification Number) — issued during registration
- District trading license — issued by your local district office
- EBM registration — if VAT-registered, you need an Electronic Billing Machine
Industry-specific permits
Food and hospitality
- Food handling permit from Rwanda FDA
- Fire safety certificate from Rwanda National Police
- Environmental compliance certificate for certain food processing operations
- Liquor license (for bars and restaurants serving alcohol)
Construction and real estate
- Building permit from the relevant district
- Environmental Impact Assessment for large projects
- Professional registration for architects and engineers
Healthcare
- License from Rwanda Biomedical Centre or Ministry of Health
- Professional registration for doctors, nurses, pharmacists
- Pharmacy license for dispensing medication
Education
- License from Ministry of Education / Rwanda Education Board
- Specific requirements vary by level (primary, secondary, tertiary, vocational)
Transport
- Transport license from RURA (Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority)
- Vehicle inspection certificates
- Driver permits for commercial driving
Financial services
- License from National Bank of Rwanda (BNR)
- Extremely stringent requirements — consult a lawyer before pursuing
How to apply
Most permits can be applied for through Irembo (irembo.gov.rw) or directly at the relevant authority’s office. The process typically involves:
- Application form with business details
- Supporting documents (registration certificate, TIN, premises lease)
- Inspection of premises (for food, health, fire safety)
- Payment of permit fees
- Waiting period (varies from days to weeks)
Check with your district office for a complete list of requirements for your specific business type. Better to ask before you open than to face fines after.